>upgrade the graphics card
Almost impossible. The few systems that support that are "gaming laptops" which typically run extremely hot and melt into a puddle of worthless plastic within a couple years.

Everything else is doable if you buy a decent system instead of a cheap piece of shit. Apple's laptops went non-upgradeable a couple years ago and sadly a lot of sheep went along with them. Works out great for the manufacturers, you need more RAM or storage you have to buy a whole new system, but for you and me it's a whole new kind of overpriced iPhone crap.

>>22489
Well said

>>22489
and thank you for replying

What you probably want is a business or enterprise laptop, which are typically still fully upgradeable (with the exception of the video card).

If you want to upgrade it cheaply look for laptops that use SATA drives and not PCIe storage, as PCIe storage is typically implemented in a proprietary or soldered-on fashion. M.2 exists but for some reason a lot of laptops are going the proprietary route (probably for the same reason as Apple - planned obsolescence). Maybe licensing costs? Dunno.

If you stick with business and enterprise equipment there's usually a lot of technical documentation available including FRU (Field Replaceable Unit) which basically means parts that companies IT can replace themselves if they buy it from the manufacturer. When you poke around those docs you can determine what hardware is actually inside the system.